What does a monophasic waveform in vascular assessment typically indicate?

A monophasic waveform in vascular assessment is indicative of significant stenosis or occlusion within the arterial system. In normal conditions, a healthy arterial waveform typically shows a triphasic or biphasic pattern, reflecting the normal, pulsatile flow of blood as it moves through the arteries. However, as arterial disease progresses, changes occur in the waveform.

When a monophasic waveform is observed, it suggests that the blood flow is severely restricted due to narrowing of the artery (stenosis) or blockage (occlusion). This alteration in the waveform signifies that the arterial pressures are not adequately pulsatile, leading to a reduced velocity and an abnormal flow pattern. The presence of a monophasic waveform is a critical indicator for vascular specialists, as it often necessitates further evaluation and intervention to address the underlying vascular disease.