Which demographic is at highest risk for developing abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)?

The demographic at highest risk for developing an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is older males, particularly those who smoke. This population is significantly more prone to AAA due to several interrelated factors.

As men age, the structural integrity of the aortic wall can weaken, especially in those who engage in smoking, which is a well-documented risk factor. Smoking contributes to vascular endothelial damage, increased inflammation, and a breakdown of collagen and elastin in the aortic wall, all of which can lead to aneurysm formation. Additionally, men are statistically more likely to develop AAA than women, further elevating the risk when combined with typical lifestyle factors such as smoking.

Other demographics, such as middle-aged females with high cholesterol, young adults engaged in athletics, or children with congenital heart defects, do not share the same level of elevated risk associated with AAA. While high cholesterol can contribute to overall cardiovascular disease, it does not correlate strongly with AAA in females. Likewise, the risk factors for AAA are less pronounced in younger populations and children, who generally do not develop this condition. Thus, the combination of age, gender, and lifestyle choices like smoking uniquely place older males at the forefront of AAA risk.